OCEANIC RADIO
The oceans are too vast for VHF radio and radar coverage for air traffic controllers. Extended coverage is provided via the ICAO High Frequency Enroute Network of Major World Air Route Areas (MWARA).
Voice transmissions are in upper side band. English is the primary language. The network is divided into 11 areas covered by scores of ground stations from New York to Tokyo.
HF is also used over remote regions of Africa and Asia.
Voice transmissions are in upper side band. English is the primary language. The network is divided into 11 areas covered by scores of ground stations from New York to Tokyo.
HF is also used over remote regions of Africa and Asia.
MILITARY
On the military side, the High Frequency Global Communications System (HFGCS) is operated by the U.S Air Force to communicate with aircraft and ground stations. Receiving and transmitting sites are remotely controlled from Andrews Air Force Base and Grand Forks Air Force Base. The primary HFGCS voice frequencies are 4724.0 kHz, 6739.0 kHz, 8992.0 kHz (night primary), 11175.0 kHz (day primary), 13200.0 kHz and 15016.0 kHz. All USB. Military aircraft can also be heard on MWARA frequecies. |
HFGCS PRIMARY FREQUENCIES
8992.0 kHz (Night) 11175.0 kHz (Day) |
POSITION REPORTING ON MWARA FREQUENCIES
The following is an example of a position report transmitted to Gander Radio in Canada from British Airways Flight 188 - callsign "Speedbird 188" - over the North Atlantic:
PILOT: "Gander Radio, Speedbird 188 with a position report”.
ATC: "Speedbird 188, Gander Radio go ahead".
PILOT: "Speedbird 188 reporting 47 North 50 West at 0246zulu, Flight Level 380, Mach .83. Estimating 49 North 40 West at 0329zulu, Next is 51 North 30 West".
ATC: "Speedbird 188, Gander Radio. Checked 47 North540 West at 0246zulu, Flight Level 380, Mach .83, Estimating 49 North 40 West at 0329zulu, Next is 51 North 30 West".
PILOT: "Speedbird 188, readback Correct "
PILOT: "Gander Radio, Speedbird 188 with a position report”.
ATC: "Speedbird 188, Gander Radio go ahead".
PILOT: "Speedbird 188 reporting 47 North 50 West at 0246zulu, Flight Level 380, Mach .83. Estimating 49 North 40 West at 0329zulu, Next is 51 North 30 West".
ATC: "Speedbird 188, Gander Radio. Checked 47 North540 West at 0246zulu, Flight Level 380, Mach .83, Estimating 49 North 40 West at 0329zulu, Next is 51 North 30 West".
PILOT: "Speedbird 188, readback Correct "
NAT
(NAT - A) North Atlantic Family A
3016.0 - 5598.0 - 8906.0 - 13306.0
Canarias, Gander, New York, Paramaribo, Piarco, Santa Maria, Shanwick
(NAT - B) North Atlantic Family B
2899.0 - 5616.0 - 8864.0 - 13291.0 -17946.0
Gander, Iceland, New York, Santa Maria, Shanwick
(NAT - C) North Atlantic Family C
2872.0 - 5649.0 - 8879.0 - 11336.0 - 13306.0
Gander, Iceland, Shanwick
(NAT - E) North Atlantic Family E
2962.0 - 6628.0 - 8825.0 - 11309.0 - 13354.0
New York, Santa Maria
(NAT - F) North Atlantic Family F
3476.0 - 6622.0 - 11279.0 - 13291.0
Gander, Shanwick
3016.0 - 5598.0 - 8906.0 - 13306.0
Canarias, Gander, New York, Paramaribo, Piarco, Santa Maria, Shanwick
(NAT - B) North Atlantic Family B
2899.0 - 5616.0 - 8864.0 - 13291.0 -17946.0
Gander, Iceland, New York, Santa Maria, Shanwick
(NAT - C) North Atlantic Family C
2872.0 - 5649.0 - 8879.0 - 11336.0 - 13306.0
Gander, Iceland, Shanwick
(NAT - E) North Atlantic Family E
2962.0 - 6628.0 - 8825.0 - 11309.0 - 13354.0
New York, Santa Maria
(NAT - F) North Atlantic Family F
3476.0 - 6622.0 - 11279.0 - 13291.0
Gander, Shanwick
NAT- D
(NAT - D) North Atlantic Family D
2971.0 - 4675.0 - 8891.0 - 11279.0 - 13291.0
Gander, Bodo, Iceland, Shanwick
2971.0 - 4675.0 - 8891.0 - 11279.0 - 13291.0
Gander, Bodo, Iceland, Shanwick
CAR/SAT
(CAR - A) Caribbean Area A
2887.0 - 5550.0 - 6577.0 - 8918.0 - 11396.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Boyeros, Merida, New York, Panama, Piarco
(CAR - B) Caribbean Area B
3455.0 - 5520.0 - 6586.0 - 8846.0 - 11330.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Boyeros, Cayenne, Georgetown, Maiquetia, New York, Panama, Paramaribo, Piarco
(SAT - 1) South Atlantic Area 1
3452.0 - 6535.0 - 8861.0 - 13357.0 - 17955.0
Brasilia, Canarias, Cayenne, Dakar, Manaus, Paramaribo, Recife, Rio de Janerio, Sal Island
(SAT - 2) South Atlantic Area 2
2854.0 - 5565.0 - 11291.0 - 13315.0 - 17955.0
Canarias, Cayenne, Dakar, Manaus, Johannesburg, Paramaribo, Recife, Rio de Janerio, Sal Island
2887.0 - 5550.0 - 6577.0 - 8918.0 - 11396.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Boyeros, Merida, New York, Panama, Piarco
(CAR - B) Caribbean Area B
3455.0 - 5520.0 - 6586.0 - 8846.0 - 11330.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Boyeros, Cayenne, Georgetown, Maiquetia, New York, Panama, Paramaribo, Piarco
(SAT - 1) South Atlantic Area 1
3452.0 - 6535.0 - 8861.0 - 13357.0 - 17955.0
Brasilia, Canarias, Cayenne, Dakar, Manaus, Paramaribo, Recife, Rio de Janerio, Sal Island
(SAT - 2) South Atlantic Area 2
2854.0 - 5565.0 - 11291.0 - 13315.0 - 17955.0
Canarias, Cayenne, Dakar, Manaus, Johannesburg, Paramaribo, Recife, Rio de Janerio, Sal Island
SAM
(SAM - C) South American Central Area
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Belem, Bogota, Brasilia, Iquitos, Leticia, Manaus, Maiquetia, Porto Velho, Rio de Janeiro
(SAM - NE) South American North Eastern Area
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Belem, Cayenne, Georgetown, Maiquetia, Paramaribo, Piarco, Recife
(SAM - NW) South American North Western Area
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6649.0 - 10024.0 - 11360.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Bogota, Maiquetia, Lima, Quito
(SAM - SE) South American South Eastern Area
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Asuncion, Belem, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Campo Grande, La Paz, Montevideo, Lima, Porto Alegre, Port Velho, Recife, Salvador, Santa Cruz
(SAM - SW) South American South Western Area
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6549.0 - 10024.0 - 11360.0 - 17907.0
Antofagasta, Asuncion, Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Easter Is, La Paz, Lima, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas, Santa Cruz, Santiago, Talara, Ushuaia
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Belem, Bogota, Brasilia, Iquitos, Leticia, Manaus, Maiquetia, Porto Velho, Rio de Janeiro
(SAM - NE) South American North Eastern Area
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Belem, Cayenne, Georgetown, Maiquetia, Paramaribo, Piarco, Recife
(SAM - NW) South American North Western Area
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6649.0 - 10024.0 - 11360.0 - 17907.0
Barranquilla, Bogota, Maiquetia, Lima, Quito
(SAM - SE) South American South Eastern Area
3479.0 - 5526.0 - 8855.0 - 10096.0 - 13297.0 - 17907.0
Asuncion, Belem, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Campo Grande, La Paz, Montevideo, Lima, Porto Alegre, Port Velho, Recife, Salvador, Santa Cruz
(SAM - SW) South American South Western Area
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6549.0 - 10024.0 - 11360.0 - 17907.0
Antofagasta, Asuncion, Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Easter Is, La Paz, Lima, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas, Santa Cruz, Santiago, Talara, Ushuaia
AFI/INO
(AFI - 1) Africa Area 1
3452.0 - 6535.0 - 8861.0 - 13357.0 - 17955.0
Abidjan, Bamako, Bangui, Bissau, Bouake, Casablanca, Conakry, Canarias, Dakar, Freetown, Johannesburg, Kano, Niamey, Nouadhibou, Nouakchott, Ouagadougou, Roberts
(AFI - 2) Africa Area 2
3419.0 - 5652.0 - 8894.0 - 13273.0 - 17961.0
Algiers, Kano, Gao, Niamey, N'djamena, Tamanrasset, Timimoun, Tripoli, Tunis
(AFI - 3) Africa Area 3
3467.0 - 5517.0 - 10018.0 - 11300.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Addis Ababa, Aden, Asmara, Bahrain, Benghazi, Bombay, Bujumbura, Cairo, Comoros, Dar es Salaam, Entebbe, Hargeisa, Djibouti, Jeddah, Khartoum, Kigali, Kisimayu, Male, Mogadishu, Nairobi, Port Sudan, Sana'a, Seychelles, Tripoli.
(AFI - 4) Africa Area 4
2878.0 - 5493.0 - 8903.0 - 13294.0 - 17961.0
Accra, Bangui, Douala, Entebbe, Franceville, Garoua, Goma, Harare, Kano, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Lagos, Libreville, Luanda, Lubumbashi, Lusaka, Maiduguri, Maroua, N'djamena, Niamey, Niamtougou, Pointe Noire, Port Gentil, Roberts, Sao Tome, Windhoek, Yaounde
(INO - 1) Indian Ocean Area 1
3476.0 - 5634.0 - 8879.0 - 13306.0 - 17961.0
Antananarivo, Beira, Bombay, Brisbane, Cocos Islands, Colombo, Dar es Salaam, Harare, Jeddah, Kigali, Lilongwe, Lusaka, Madras, Mahajanga, Male, Mauritius, Moroni, Nairobi, Perth, Seychelles, St.Denis, Toamasina
3452.0 - 6535.0 - 8861.0 - 13357.0 - 17955.0
Abidjan, Bamako, Bangui, Bissau, Bouake, Casablanca, Conakry, Canarias, Dakar, Freetown, Johannesburg, Kano, Niamey, Nouadhibou, Nouakchott, Ouagadougou, Roberts
(AFI - 2) Africa Area 2
3419.0 - 5652.0 - 8894.0 - 13273.0 - 17961.0
Algiers, Kano, Gao, Niamey, N'djamena, Tamanrasset, Timimoun, Tripoli, Tunis
(AFI - 3) Africa Area 3
3467.0 - 5517.0 - 10018.0 - 11300.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Addis Ababa, Aden, Asmara, Bahrain, Benghazi, Bombay, Bujumbura, Cairo, Comoros, Dar es Salaam, Entebbe, Hargeisa, Djibouti, Jeddah, Khartoum, Kigali, Kisimayu, Male, Mogadishu, Nairobi, Port Sudan, Sana'a, Seychelles, Tripoli.
(AFI - 4) Africa Area 4
2878.0 - 5493.0 - 8903.0 - 13294.0 - 17961.0
Accra, Bangui, Douala, Entebbe, Franceville, Garoua, Goma, Harare, Kano, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Lagos, Libreville, Luanda, Lubumbashi, Lusaka, Maiduguri, Maroua, N'djamena, Niamey, Niamtougou, Pointe Noire, Port Gentil, Roberts, Sao Tome, Windhoek, Yaounde
(INO - 1) Indian Ocean Area 1
3476.0 - 5634.0 - 8879.0 - 13306.0 - 17961.0
Antananarivo, Beira, Bombay, Brisbane, Cocos Islands, Colombo, Dar es Salaam, Harare, Jeddah, Kigali, Lilongwe, Lusaka, Madras, Mahajanga, Male, Mauritius, Moroni, Nairobi, Perth, Seychelles, St.Denis, Toamasina
EUR/MID/NCA/EA
(EUR - A) Europe Area A
3479.0 - 5661.0 - 6598.0 - 10084.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Arkhangelsk, Beirut, Berlin, Kiev, Lvov, Minsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Odessa, Riga, Simferopol, Sofia, St. Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Tunis, Velikiye, Vilnius, Vologda
(MID - 1) Middle East Area 1
2992.0 - 4669.0 - 5667.0 - 6631.0 - 8951.0 - 11375.0 - 17961.0
Aden, Amman, Ankara, Beirut, Cairo, Damascus, Jeddah, Kuwait, Manama, Odessa, Sana'a, Simferopol, Tehran, Tbilisi, Yerevan
(MID - 2) Middle East Area 2
3467.0 - 5658.0 - 10018.0 - 11300.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Abadan, Almaty, Ashkabad, Bishkek, Bombay, Delhi, Dushanbe, Kabul, Karachi, Kathmandu, Kuwait, Lahore, Male, Muscat, Odessa, Samarkhand, Seychelles, Tashkent, Tehran, Tbilisi, Urumqi, Yerevan
(MID - 3) Middle East Area 3
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6631.0 - 8951.0 - 11375.0 - 17961.0
Aktyubinsk, Almaty, Bishkek, Dushanbe, Kuybyshev, Kzyl-Orda, Moscow, Samarkhand, Tashkent, Uralsk, Yerevan
(NCA - 1) North Central Asia Area 1
3019.0 - 5646.0 - 13315.0 - 17958.0
Ivdel, Khanty-Mansiysk, Moscow, Syktyvkar, Vologda
(NCA - 2) North Central Asia Area 2
2851.0 - 4678.0 - 6592.0 - 10096.0 - 17958.0
Barnaul, Irkutsk, Khanty-Mansiysk, Kirensk, Kolpashevo, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Podkamennaya, Surgut, Yeniseysk
(NCA - 3) North Central Asia Area 3
3004.0 - 5664.0 - 10039.0 - 13303.0 - 17958.0
Chita, Chulman, Ekimchan, Irkutsk, Kirensk, Khabarovsk, Pyongyang, Ulaanbaatar, Ulan Ude
(EA - 1) East Asia Area 1
3016.0 - 6571.0 - 8897.0 - 10042.0 - 17958.0
Beijing, Guangzhou, Hailar, Irkutsk, Jinan, Kunming, Lanzhou, Pyongyang, Shanghai, Shenyang, Taegu, Ulaanbaatar, Urumqi, Wuhan, Zhengzhou
(EA - 2) East Asia Area 2
3485.0 - 5649.0 - 5655.0 - 8942.0 - 11396.0 - 13309.0 - 17907.0
Guangzhou, Irkutsk, Pyongyang, Ulaanbaatar
3479.0 - 5661.0 - 6598.0 - 10084.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Arkhangelsk, Beirut, Berlin, Kiev, Lvov, Minsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Odessa, Riga, Simferopol, Sofia, St. Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Tunis, Velikiye, Vilnius, Vologda
(MID - 1) Middle East Area 1
2992.0 - 4669.0 - 5667.0 - 6631.0 - 8951.0 - 11375.0 - 17961.0
Aden, Amman, Ankara, Beirut, Cairo, Damascus, Jeddah, Kuwait, Manama, Odessa, Sana'a, Simferopol, Tehran, Tbilisi, Yerevan
(MID - 2) Middle East Area 2
3467.0 - 5658.0 - 10018.0 - 11300.0 - 13288.0 - 17961.0
Abadan, Almaty, Ashkabad, Bishkek, Bombay, Delhi, Dushanbe, Kabul, Karachi, Kathmandu, Kuwait, Lahore, Male, Muscat, Odessa, Samarkhand, Seychelles, Tashkent, Tehran, Tbilisi, Urumqi, Yerevan
(MID - 3) Middle East Area 3
2944.0 - 4669.0 - 6631.0 - 8951.0 - 11375.0 - 17961.0
Aktyubinsk, Almaty, Bishkek, Dushanbe, Kuybyshev, Kzyl-Orda, Moscow, Samarkhand, Tashkent, Uralsk, Yerevan
(NCA - 1) North Central Asia Area 1
3019.0 - 5646.0 - 13315.0 - 17958.0
Ivdel, Khanty-Mansiysk, Moscow, Syktyvkar, Vologda
(NCA - 2) North Central Asia Area 2
2851.0 - 4678.0 - 6592.0 - 10096.0 - 17958.0
Barnaul, Irkutsk, Khanty-Mansiysk, Kirensk, Kolpashevo, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Podkamennaya, Surgut, Yeniseysk
(NCA - 3) North Central Asia Area 3
3004.0 - 5664.0 - 10039.0 - 13303.0 - 17958.0
Chita, Chulman, Ekimchan, Irkutsk, Kirensk, Khabarovsk, Pyongyang, Ulaanbaatar, Ulan Ude
(EA - 1) East Asia Area 1
3016.0 - 6571.0 - 8897.0 - 10042.0 - 17958.0
Beijing, Guangzhou, Hailar, Irkutsk, Jinan, Kunming, Lanzhou, Pyongyang, Shanghai, Shenyang, Taegu, Ulaanbaatar, Urumqi, Wuhan, Zhengzhou
(EA - 2) East Asia Area 2
3485.0 - 5649.0 - 5655.0 - 8942.0 - 11396.0 - 13309.0 - 17907.0
Guangzhou, Irkutsk, Pyongyang, Ulaanbaatar
CEP/CWP/NP/SP
(CEP - 1/2) Central East Pacific Areas 1/2
2869.0 - 3413.0 - 5547.0 - 5574.0 - 6673.0 - 8843.0 - 10057.0 - 11282.0 - 13261.0 - 13354.0 - 17904.0
San Francisco
(CWP - 1/2) Central West Pacific Area 1/2
2998.0 - 4666.0 - 6532.0 - 6562.0 - 8903.0 - 11384.0 - 13300.0 - 17904.0
Hong Kong, Manila, Naha, Port Moseby, San Francisco, Seoul, Taipei, Tokyo
(NP - 3/4) North Pacific Area 3/4
2932.0 - 5628.0 - 5677.0 - 6655.0 - 8915.0 - 10048.0 - 13294.0 - 13339.0 - 17904.0 - 17946.0 - 21925.0
San Francisco, Tokyo
(SP - 6/7) South Pacific Area 6/7
3467.0 - 5643.0 - 8867.0 - 13261.0 - 17904.0
Auckland, Brisbane, Nadi, Pascua (Easter Island), Port Vila, Rarotonga, San Francisco, Tahiti, Wallis
2869.0 - 3413.0 - 5547.0 - 5574.0 - 6673.0 - 8843.0 - 10057.0 - 11282.0 - 13261.0 - 13354.0 - 17904.0
San Francisco
(CWP - 1/2) Central West Pacific Area 1/2
2998.0 - 4666.0 - 6532.0 - 6562.0 - 8903.0 - 11384.0 - 13300.0 - 17904.0
Hong Kong, Manila, Naha, Port Moseby, San Francisco, Seoul, Taipei, Tokyo
(NP - 3/4) North Pacific Area 3/4
2932.0 - 5628.0 - 5677.0 - 6655.0 - 8915.0 - 10048.0 - 13294.0 - 13339.0 - 17904.0 - 17946.0 - 21925.0
San Francisco, Tokyo
(SP - 6/7) South Pacific Area 6/7
3467.0 - 5643.0 - 8867.0 - 13261.0 - 17904.0
Auckland, Brisbane, Nadi, Pascua (Easter Island), Port Vila, Rarotonga, San Francisco, Tahiti, Wallis
SEA
(SEA - 1) South East Asia Area 1
3470.0 - 5670.0 - 6556.0 - 10066.0 - 13318.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Bangkok, Colombo, Calcutta, Dhaka, Guangzhou, Jakarta, Kathmandu, Kuala Lumpur, Kunming, Madras, Male, Singapore, Yangon
(SEA - 2) South East Asia Area 2
3485.0 - 5649.0 - 5655.0 - 8942.0 - 11396.0 - 13309.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Bangkok, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu, Manila, Seoul, Singapore, Tokyo, Vientianne
(SEA - 3) South East Asia Area 3
3470.0 - 5733.0 - 6556.0 - 10066.0 - 11396.0 - 13318.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Brisbane, Jakarta, Male, Singapore, Ujung Pandang
3470.0 - 5670.0 - 6556.0 - 10066.0 - 13318.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Bangkok, Colombo, Calcutta, Dhaka, Guangzhou, Jakarta, Kathmandu, Kuala Lumpur, Kunming, Madras, Male, Singapore, Yangon
(SEA - 2) South East Asia Area 2
3485.0 - 5649.0 - 5655.0 - 8942.0 - 11396.0 - 13309.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Bangkok, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu, Manila, Seoul, Singapore, Tokyo, Vientianne
(SEA - 3) South East Asia Area 3
3470.0 - 5733.0 - 6556.0 - 10066.0 - 11396.0 - 13318.0 - 17907.0
Bali, Brisbane, Jakarta, Male, Singapore, Ujung Pandang